Origanum Vulgare, Oregano, Wild Marjoram, Sweet Marjoram
It is widely distributed in the European part, in the Caucasus, in Western and Eastern Siberia, Central Asia, and Kazakhstan. It grows in dry meadows, along forest edges, in thickets of shrubs, on the slopes of ravines, deposits and cuttings, in oak and pine forests, as well as in birch forests. Introduced into the culture. Propagated by both seeds and bush division.
It is a perennial herbaceous plant of the Lamiaceae family and can grow up to 80 cm tall, with a strong aromatic smell. The rhizome is oblique, creeping, and branched. The four-sided erect branched stems are covered with soft hairs.
The leaves are opposite, oblong-ovate, and finely toothed along the edge. Blooms in July – September. The flowers are small, pale purple, numerous, and collected in spikelets. The fruits ripen in August – October. Medicinal raw materials are flowering and leafy parts of the plant.
Cut to a length of up to 20 cm, they are laid out in a layer of 5-7 cm on paper or fabric. Dry in a room with good ventilation or under a canopy, turning it over periodically.
Then the grass is threshed, separating it from the stems. The raw material has a strong aroma and a bittersweet, slightly astringent taste. Stored in well-closed glass jars for 3 years.
The raw materials contain essential oil, phenols, thymol, geranyl acetate and other odorous compounds, thanks to which the plant has a strong aroma, as well as ascorbic acid, fatty oils, tannins, and flavonoids.
Oregano preparations have a soothing, anti-inflammatory effect, antimicrobial, analgesic, choleretic, diuretic, and expectorant properties. They enhance the secretion of digestive and bronchial glands, and intestinal peristalsis, and increase the tone of the smooth muscles of the uterus.
It is used internally for intestinal atony, gastritis with low acidity, intestinal inflammation, constipation, excessive accumulation of gases, bronchitis, colds, hypertension, nervous excitement, insomnia, externally for pustular skin diseases, diathesis and as a means for wound healing.
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